Ovarian Cyst/PCOS

What is an ovarian cyst?

Your ovaries are two almond-shaped organs located on either side of your uterus. These small organs are responsible for the development and maturation of a woman’s eggs. Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled pockets that form within or on the surface of ovaries.

In the vast majority of cases, ovarian cysts are completely harmless and disappear on their own. But, some women may experience symptoms associated with ovarian cysts, especially if they rupture or twist.

What are the symptoms of an ovarian cyst?

If you do experience symptoms of an ovarian cyst, you may have:

• Fullness or heaviness in your pelvis and lower abdomen
• Dull or sharp pain in your lower abdomen on the side of the affected cyst
• Bloating

If cysts are a sign of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), you may have infertility associated with the cysts.

What is polycystic ovary syndrome?

A symptom of PCOS includes cysts on the ovaries. The condition describes a common health condition that occurs due to an imbalance of your reproductive hormones. Polycystic ovary syndrome interferes with ovarian function, meaning you may not fully develop eggs or ovulate every month.

Other symptoms associated with PCOS include:

• Unexplained weight gain and difficulty losing weight
• Irregular menstrual periods
• Hair growth on areas typically associated with males, such as the face
• Acne
• Thinning hair on the head in a pattern of male baldness

Women with PCOS may also have trouble getting pregnant without fertility treatments, including medications and in vitro fertilization.

When should I be concerned about ovarian cysts?

The doctors at Georgia Center for Women may identify an ovarian cyst during a routine exam. If it’s not symptomatic, they may adopt a watch-and-wait approach. If, however, you experience symptoms or pain associated with a cyst, you should seek medical care.

Cystic ovaries that develop after you’ve gone through menopause may be cancerous and warrant immediate attention. In some cases, your cyst may move and cause your ovary to twist. Larger cysts have a chance of rupturing, too. If you experience torsion or a rupture, you will most likely experience:

• Severe pelvic pain
• Nausea
• Vomiting

Vigorous activity, including sexual intercourse, can trigger an ovarian cyst to rupture. Ovarian cysts that are symptomatic or that rupture can be treated with laparoscopic surgery.

If you suspect you have an ovarian cyst, call one of the offices of the Georgia Center for Women or book an appointment using the online tool.